Water is the most essential component of life, without assuming life is impossible. Animals, Plants, Humans even every living, non-living organism on earth need water for their existence, growth and nutrition. Each living body composites of 4-5 ltr. of water of total fluid. It will not be wrong to say that no life is possible on earth without water. Three-fourth of the total area on earth is covered by water. There are 7 continents like Europe, Asia, South America, North America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica on earth and the rest of the area is divided into Oceans like Pacific Ocean, Hind Ocean, and Atlantic Ocean which cover around 97% of the total water present on the earth. Only 3% of the area is left which is covered by forests, mountains, glaciers, plateaus and only a few million hectares is plain area. A total of 800 million people are living at an average of the last census around the world. When the first sign of life is observed around 12 million years ago, the most of the area was covered by forests. Forests have also been categorized on the basis of density, quantity of rain, type of leaves like evergreen forests, Tropical forests, Sub-delicious forests, grasslands etc. When the population started increasing at a bombardment speed, the resources like food, drinking water, shelter etc starting felling short for this huge population. In order to meet out the demands of the generation, more and more agricultural land was required, more industries were to be set up to meet the other demands of clothing, shelter and other household items, luxury items. To meet the requirement of agricultural land, no other option was left except cutting down the trees and cleaning the land so that it may be used for producing more food, to set up more and more industries, to make roads, new buildings. In this race of development, India put its feet in mid 18 century. India was under colonization of British Rulers and to meet the needs in England, the then Britain, more and more resources were exploited in India. Large scale deforestation was forced to set up the Iron Industries in Jharkhand and West Bengal. This development drastically affected the climate and the rain cycle of the area. In some area rains started to be so heavy that most of the living area is covered with water and the daily life is affected at such a high rate that it caused massive deaths and migrations from the area. Coastal area like Mumbai, Bihar, Chennai, Kerala, West Bengal, Orissa, and Gujarat are severally affected.
Thunderstorms, cyclones, floods are the scaring disasters which affect every year. Tsunami crushed Japan in such a way that it took around 5 years to recover from the loss. Similarly bush fire in Australia killed over 1 million wild lives and burnt trees which were only could be controlled by the rain not by the human efforts. This year India has faced flood almost in every State like Assam, West Bengal, Bihar, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Parts of Haryana, and Kerala etc. These floods ruin the daily life, affect the infrastructure and people have to starve for food, shelter and social security. There will be a question in our mind, what is the reason of these floods? Flood is a situation when the water level of a water body is larger than usual and the water flows across the living area which is near to it or when the drainage system is blocked from everywhere to heavy rain fall or the water is released from dams. This is a very scaring situation that in India, Rajasthan has also faced floods which is mostly a dry area because the west part of India receives only 10-20% of the total rain from the Monsoon. The major cause of the floods in India is deforestation and building new infrastructure for meeting the needs of such a large population. Forests are necessary to maintain the biological system of the nature. Because trees bind the roots with soil and heavy rainfall can’t cut the soil even in case of flood. This year water waves hit the Taj Mahal Hotel in Mumbai and around 3-4 feet water rinsed on the roads. Some incidents cloudbursts have also been noticed in Kashmir and Uttarakhand which causes heavy downpours and destruction of resources.
To stop this face of nature checks have to be put on this on urgent basis. Water is strongest natural resource which can make life and ruin life. In order to live a happy life we should use our natural resources in such a way that the biological cycle is not harmed and every aspect of the nature is maintained. Govt. should take initiative to mark the area for new development works of hydrological power plants and water ways so that it may not harm the nature else we have to see the scaring side of the Water which was once worshipped as a deity in ancient India.
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